ABSTRACT
Context: As Diabetes is the most common co morbidity reported with covid-19 infection Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus -2 (SARA CoV-2) which brought about the ongoing pandemic gave opportunity to study the impact of diabetes on hospital stay and mortality of diabetic patients who contracted the corona virus infection. Objective: To study the duration of hospital stay and mortality rate of diabetic patients with moderate to severe covid 19 infection/severe acute respiratory illness and compare it with non diabetic patients of same disease. Method: This was a retrospective observational study in which the records of diabetic patients admitted with severe acute respiratory illness, during the ongoing pandemic, in Al Ameen Medical College Hospital were studied and were compared with the non diabetic patients admitted for the same. The duration of stay and mortality was compared statistically. No distinction was made with respect to type 1& 2 diabetes as they were clubbed together in the same group. Results: Mean duration of illness in diabetic group was 8.1 with SD of 6.9 days and in non diabetic group was 8.4 days with SD 6.5 (p value= 0.8). Mortality was 32.5% among diabetics and 15.7% in non diabetics (p value= 0.001). Conclusion: Our study shows that the duration of hospital stay and mortality was considerably higher in diabetics than non diabetic counterparts. Therefore due attention should be given by general diabetic population to keep their blood glucose levels under control especially in this period of ongoing covid 19 pandemic.
ABSTRACT
Background: The novel coronavirus is not exclusively a respiratory disease but have a neurological manifestation that is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. The aim of study was to examine stroke in COVID-19 patient in a tertiary care hospital. Method: This was a single center retrospective, observational study of total 960 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted in Ayush Hospital between July 1, 2020, and March 30, 2021. The medical history, demographic characteristics, laboratory and chest CT scan findings were extracted from electronic medical records. All neurological symptoms of stroke patients were reviewed and confirmed. The data were collected, segregated and analyzed. Results: The study shows that 0.7% COVID-19 patients had stroke during hospitalization. Further, the older patients, co morbidity (hypertensive) and severity of infection were found to be associated risk factors. Conclusion: The present study concludes that patients with older age group, co morbidity especially hypertensive and severe COVID-19 infection had possible risk factor for cerebrovascular disease like stroke.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Effective triage of COVID-19 patients, especially in resource-limited settings, requires cost-effective and readily available markers. The present study looks at the prognostic role of three such laboratory parameters, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was done including 328 COVID-19 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed hospitalized patients aged 18 and above in a tertiary center in northern India. Baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters were collected on the day of admission. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, sensitivity-specificity analysis for optimum cutoffs, multiple logistic regression, and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: The median age of the patients was 45 with 266 (81.1%) males and 62 (18.9%) females. A total of 109 (33.2%) patients were affected with moderate to severe disease. Forty-nine (14.9%) patients had fatal outcomes. Median ALC was lower in patients with moderate to severe disease compared to mild disease (895 vs. 1554.2) and in nonsurvivors compared to survivors (732.0 vs. 1423.9). Median ANC (5182.8 vs. 3057.6) and NLR (5.38 vs. 2.03) were significantly raised in patients with moderate to severe disease as against mild disease and in nonsurvivors(ANC 7040.25 vs. 3448.5, NLR 10.05 vs. 2.35). ALC <1273, ANC >3907, and NLR >2.74 showed considerable sensitivity and specificity for disease severity at admission. ALC and ANC were significantly associated with the odds of moderate to severe disease at admission in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. ALC <1183, ANC >4612, and NLR >3.76 had good sensitivity and specificity as predictors of mortality and emerged as independent risk factors for mortality in the multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. Conclusion: ALC, ANC, and NLR are relatively cost-effective and readily available routine investigations obtained as a part of complete blood count. These indices show good prognostic significance. Their utility in clinical algorithms can better guide management of patients.